ISSN: 2811-1192
Vol. 2 No. 1 (2024): International Journal of Innovation and Development
Published: 2024-08-15
Aloysius Sam, Clinton Ohis Aigbavboa
Kofi Mintah Oware, Kingsley Appiah, Vasty Serwaa Agyemang
DEVELOPING A NEW PRECAST CONCRETE DRAINAGE SYSTEM TOWARDS COST SAVINGS
Emmanuel Donkor, John Dadzie, Mark Afful Osae
Kofi Mintah Oware, Eric Nkansah , Jennifer Ellah Adaletey
Type of the Paper (Article, Review, Communication, etc.)
Title Template for Manuscript Submission in International Journal of Innovation and Development
General Information: IJID publishes original papers which have not been previously published, nor are under consideration by another journal. If approved by the editor, submissions will be considered by peer-reviewers, whose identities will remain anonymous to the authors.
This template details the sections that can be used in a manuscript. Note that each section has a corresponding style, which can be found in the “Styles” menu of Word. Sections that are not mandatory are listed as such. The section titles given are for articles. Review papers and other article types have a more flexible structure. For any questions and clarifications, please contact the editorial office of the journal or support.ijid@kstu.edu.gh.
Title page: The manuscript must start with a concise and informative Tile Page, with a clear title that adequately captures the material in the manuscript. The title page should have the following:
i) Name(s) of author(s) - surname last;
ii) Institution of affiliation of author(s);
iii) Correspondence: e-mail/ Tel (optional; include country code); if there are multiple corresponding authors, add author initials).
Abstract: A single paragraph of about 200 words maximum. For research articles, abstracts should give a pertinent overview of the work. We strongly encourage authors to use the following style of structured abstracts, but without headings: (1) Background: Place the question addressed in a broad context and highlight the purpose of the study; (2) Methods: briefly describe the main methods or treatments applied; (3) Results: summarize the article’s main findings; (4) Conclusions: indicate the main conclusions or interpretations. The abstract should be an objective representation of the article and it must not contain results that are not presented and substantiated in the main text and should not exaggerate the main conclusions.
Keywords: List three to six pertinent keywords specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)
Received: date
Accepted: date
Published: date
Citation: Last name, F.; Last name, F.; Last name, F. Title. International Journal of Innovation and Development 2022, 1, x. https://doi.org/10.3390/xxxxx
1. Introduction
The introduction should briefly place the study in a broad context and highlight why it is important. It should define the purpose of the work and its significance. The current state of the research field should be carefully reviewed and key publications cited. Please, highlight controversial and diverging hypotheses when necessary. Finally, briefly mention the main aim of the work and highlight the principal conclusions. As far as possible, please keep the introduction comprehensible to scientists outside your particular field of research.
2. Materials and Methods
The Materials and Methods should be described with sufficient details to allow others to replicate and build on the published results. Please note that the publication of your manuscript implicates that you must make all materials, data, computer code, and protocols associated with the publication available to readers. Please disclose at the submission stage any restrictions on the availability of materials or information. New methods and protocols should be described in detail while well-established methods can be briefly described and appropriately cited.
Research manuscripts reporting large datasets that are deposited in a publicly available database should specify where the data have been deposited and provide the relevant accession numbers. If the accession numbers have not yet been obtained at the time of submission, please state that they will be provided during review. They must be provided prior to publication.
Interventional studies involving animals or humans, and other studies that require ethical approval, must indicate the authority that provided approval and the corresponding ethical approval code.
3. Results
This section may be divided by subheadings. It should provide a concise and precise description of the experimental results, their interpretation, as well as the experimental conclusions that can be drawn.
3.1. Subsection
3.1.1. Subsubsection
3.2. Figures, Tables and Schemes
All figures, plates and tables should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numbers in the main text, and an explanation of symbols used should be provided as footnotes below the tables, figures, plates, pictures and art works themselves i.e. Figure 1, Table 1, Plate 1, etc. Tables. Figures and plates may have a footer.
If there are multiple panels, they should be listed as: (a) Description of what is contained in the first panel; (b) Description of what is contained in the second panel. Figures should be placed in the main text near to the first time they are cited. A caption on a single line should be centered.
3.3. Formatting of Mathematical Components
This is example 1 of an equation:
a = 1,
(1)
the text following an equation need not be a new paragraph. Please punctuate equations as regular text.
This is example 2 of an equation:
a = b + c + d + e + f + g + h + i + j + k + l + m + n + o + p + q + r + s + t + u + v + w + x + y + z
(2)
the text following an equation need not be a new paragraph. Please punctuate equations as regular text.
4. Discussion
Authors should discuss the results and how they can be interpreted from the perspective of previous studies and of the working hypotheses. The findings and their implications should be discussed in the broadest context possible. Future research directions may also be highlighted.
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
This section is not mandatory but can be added to the manuscript if the discussion is unusually long or complex. Authors can offer recommendations based on the findings of the study.
6. Patents
This section is not mandatory but may be added if there are patents resulting from the work reported in this manuscript.
Author Contributions: For research articles with several authors, a short paragraph specifying their individual contributions must be provided. The following statements should be used “Conceptualization, X.X. and Y.Y.; methodology, X.X.; software, X.X.; validation, X.X., Y.Y. and Z.Z.; formal analysis, X.X.; investigation, X.X.; resources, X.X.; data curation, X.X.; writing—original draft preparation, X.X.; writing—review and editing, X.X.; visualization, X.X.; supervision, X.X.; project administration, X.X.; funding acquisition, Y.Y. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.” Authorship must be limited to those who have contributed substantially to the work reported.
Funding: Please add: “This research received no external funding” or “This research was funded by NAME OF FUNDER, grant number XXX” and “The APC was funded by XXX”.
Institutional Review Board Statement: In this section, you should add the Institutional Review Board Statement and approval number, if relevant to your study. You might choose to exclude this statement if the study did not require ethical approval. Please add “The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Institutional Review Board (or Ethics Committee) of NAME OF INSTITUTE (protocol code XXX and date of approval).” for studies involving humans or animals.\. OR “Ethical review and approval were waived for this study due to REASON (please provide a detailed justification).” OR “Not applicable” for studies not involving humans or animals.
Informed Consent Statement: Any research article describing a study involving humans should contain this statement. Please add “Informed consent was obtained from all subjects involved in the study.” OR “Patient consent was waived due to REASON (please provide a detailed justification).” OR “Not applicable.” for studies not involving humans. You might also choose to exclude this statement if the study did not involve humans.
Acknowledgments: In this section, you can acknowledge any support given which is not covered by the author contribution or funding sections. This may include administrative and technical support, or donations in kind (e.g., materials used for experiments).
Conflicts of Interest: Declare conflicts of interest or state “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Authors must identify and declare any personal circumstances or interest that may be perceived as inappropriately influencing the representation or interpretation of reported research results. Any role of the funders in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results must be declared in this section. If there is no role, please state “The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results”.
References
We recommend preparing the references with a bibliography software package, such as EndNote, ReferenceManager or Zotero to avoid typing mistakes and duplicated references. Include the digital object identifier (DOI) for all references where available. The APA references style in alphabetical order is strongly recommended for this journal. All sources cited in the paper must be included in the References section.
Other Relevant Instructions
Note:
The names and email addresses entered in this journal site will be used exclusively for the stated purposes of this journal and will not be made available for any other purpose or to any other party.
