International Journal of Innovation and Development

Smart Transportation: Examining the Factors Influencing the Adoption of Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) in Ghana

Stephen Okyere

Kumasi Technical University

Raymond Akuh

Clemson University, SC, USA

Martin Donani

University of Cincinnati, USA

Irenius Konkor

University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada

Emmanuel Kojo Gyamfi

University of Cincinnati, USA

Ernest Kwaku Agyei

Kumasi Technical University

Charles Anum Adams

KNUST

Keywords: Autonomous vehicles, Smart Transportation, Perceived safety, Adoption, Ghana.

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Abstract

Achieving sustainable cities and environmental stability seems attainable in light of inventions such

as autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, this can only be realized when the public is willing to adopt

such emerging technologies. This study investigates the potential factors influencing the adoption

of AVs from the perspectives of engineering tutors from various technical institutes (universities and

high schools) in Ghana. Using 213 valid responses collected, we tested a proposed structural model

using a structural equation model in SPSS-Amos software. The results showed that respondents

perceive AV technology positively and are willing to adopt (own or use). However, significant diverse

views exist among the respondents’ different sociodemographic groups. Example, those married

raised concerns about the safety of AVs, and the highly educated had positive perceptions of the

environmental friendliness of AVs. Men showed the strongest interest in owning or using AVs

compared with women. Moreover, respondents who exhibited intentions to use AVs had concerns

about the adequacy of road infrastructure to support AV operations. This study provides insight

into the potential adoption of AVs in Ghana and the factors that could affect their adoption and

acceptability. The study also highlights the challenges and opportunities as this technology advances.

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Author Biographies

Raymond Akuh, Clemson University, SC, USA

The Glenn Department of Civil Engineering

Martin Donani, University of Cincinnati, USA

School of Information Technology

Irenius Konkor, University of Toronto Mississauga, Canada

Department of Geography, Geomatics and Environment,

Emmanuel Kojo Gyamfi, University of Cincinnati, USA

School of Information Technology, University of Cincinnati, USA

Ernest Kwaku Agyei, Kumasi Technical University

Procurement and Supply Chain Management Department

Charles Anum Adams, KNUST

Africa Centre of Excellence, Regional Transport Research in Educational Centre, Kumasi (TRECK), KNUST